In this paper we will deal with the introduction of Fathollah Khan Sheybani which was one of the great poets and intellectuals who lived during the reign of Nasserolddin Shah Ghajar. He was the founder of the explicit political and social criticism in the Ghajar dynasty age who criticized the social conditions for the first time. Dissatisfaction tone and objection about the social disheveled circumstances and the people misery and distress is reflected in his poem. Sheybani’s poem presents the calamity of the human painful sole and expresses the situation of the broad minded and benevolent men of Iran on the threshold of the contemporary social developments.